vtk.js无法直接加载vtu格式的文件，可以安装ParaView，编写python脚本把vtu格式的文件进行转换，就可以加载了。 **1、下载并解压ParaView-5.13.1-Windows-Python3.10-msvc2017-AMD64.zip。** 下载地址：[[Download ParaView>>url:https://www.paraview.org/download/]] **2、将ParaView bin目录添加到环境变量。** {{code language="none"}} E:\temp\ParaView-5.13.1-Windows-Python3.10-msvc2017-AMD64\bin {{/code}} **3、安装ParaView对应的Python版本。** 下载地址：[[Python Release Python 3.10.11 ~| Python.org>>url:https://www.python.org/downloads/release/python-31011/]] **4、创建vue项目并安装依赖包。** {{code language="none"}} npm create vite@latest npm install @kitware/vtk.js {{/code}} **5、将 node_modules\@kitware\vtk.js\Utilities\DataGenerator\vtk-data-converter.py 复制到vtu所在的目录。并在from paraview import simple前面添加以下代码。** {{code language="python"}} sys.path.append( "E:/temp/ParaView-5.13.1-Windows-Python3.10-msvc2017-AMD64/bin/Lib/site-packages" ) {{/code}} 完整代码： {{code language="python"}} from __future__ import print_function import sys, json, os, math, gzip, shutil, argparse, hashlib sys.path.append( "E:/temp/ParaView-5.13.1-Windows-Python3.10-msvc2017-AMD64/bin/Lib/site-packages" ) from paraview import simple from paraview.vtk import * import sys if sys.version_info[0] == 3: buffer = memoryview # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- arrayTypesMapping = " bBhHiIlLfdL" # last one is idtype jsMapping = { "b": "Int8Array", "B": "Uint8Array", "h": "Int16Array", "H": "Uint16Array", "i": "Int32Array", "I": "Uint32Array", "l": "Int32Array", "L": "Uint32Array", "f": "Float32Array", "d": "Float64Array", } writerMapping = {} # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- def getRangeInfo(array, component): r = array.GetRange(component) compRange = {} compRange["min"] = r[0] compRange["max"] = r[1] compRange["component"] = array.GetComponentName(component) return compRange # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- def getRef(destDirectory, md5): ref = {} ref["id"] = md5 ref["encode"] = "BigEndian" if sys.byteorder == "big" else "LittleEndian" ref["basepath"] = destDirectory return ref # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- def dumpStringArray(datasetDir, dataDir, array, root={}, compress=True): if not array: return None stringArray = [] arraySize = array.GetNumberOfTuples() for i in range(arraySize): stringArray.append(array.GetValue(i)) strData = json.dumps(stringArray) pMd5 = hashlib.md5(strData).hexdigest() pPath = os.path.join(dataDir, pMd5) with open(pPath, "wb") as f: f.write(strData) if compress: with open(pPath, "rb") as f_in, gzip.open( os.path.join(dataDir, pMd5 + ".gz"), "wb" ) as f_out: shutil.copyfileobj(f_in, f_out) f_in.close() os.remove(pPath) root["ref"] = getRef(os.path.relpath(dataDir, datasetDir), pMd5) root["vtkClass"] = "vtkStringArray" root["name"] = array.GetName() root["dataType"] = "JSON" root["numberOfComponents"] = array.GetNumberOfComponents() root["size"] = array.GetNumberOfComponents() * array.GetNumberOfTuples() return root # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- def dumpDataArray(datasetDir, dataDir, array, root={}, compress=True): if not array: return None if array.GetDataType() == 12: # IdType need to be converted to Uint32 arraySize = array.GetNumberOfTuples() * array.GetNumberOfComponents() newArray = vtkTypeUInt32Array() newArray.SetNumberOfTuples(arraySize) for i in range(arraySize): newArray.SetValue(i, -1 if array.GetValue(i) < 0 else array.GetValue(i)) pBuffer = buffer(newArray) else: pBuffer = buffer(array) pMd5 = hashlib.md5(pBuffer).hexdigest() pPath = os.path.join(dataDir, pMd5) with open(pPath, "wb") as f: f.write(pBuffer) if compress: with open(pPath, "rb") as f_in, gzip.open( os.path.join(dataDir, pMd5 + ".gz"), "wb" ) as f_out: shutil.copyfileobj(f_in, f_out) f_in.close() os.remove(pPath) # print array # print array.GetName(), '=>', jsMapping[arrayTypesMapping[array.GetDataType()]] root["ref"] = getRef(os.path.relpath(dataDir, datasetDir), pMd5) root["vtkClass"] = "vtkDataArray" root["name"] = array.GetName() root["dataType"] = jsMapping[arrayTypesMapping[array.GetDataType()]] root["numberOfComponents"] = array.GetNumberOfComponents() root["size"] = array.GetNumberOfComponents() * array.GetNumberOfTuples() root["ranges"] = [] if root["numberOfComponents"] > 1: for i in range(root["numberOfComponents"]): root["ranges"].append(getRangeInfo(array, i)) root["ranges"].append(getRangeInfo(array, -1)) else: root["ranges"].append(getRangeInfo(array, 0)) return root # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- def dumpAttributes(datasetDir, dataDir, dataset, root={}, compress=True): # PointData _pointData = root["pointData"] = {"vtkClass": "vtkDataSetAttributes", "arrays": []} _nbFields = dataset.GetPointData().GetNumberOfArrays() for i in range(_nbFields): array = dataset.GetPointData().GetArray(i) abstractArray = dataset.GetPointData().GetAbstractArray(i) if array: _array = dumpDataArray(datasetDir, dataDir, array, {}, compress) if _array: if root["vtkClass"] == "vtkImageData": _array["ref"]["registration"] = "setScalars" _pointData["arrays"].append({"data": _array}) elif abstractArray: _array = dumpStringArray(datasetDir, dataDir, abstractArray, {}, compress) if _array: _pointData["arrays"].append({"data": _array}) # CellData _cellData = root["cellData"] = {"vtkClass": "vtkDataSetAttributes", "arrays": []} _nbFields = dataset.GetCellData().GetNumberOfArrays() for i in range(_nbFields): array = dataset.GetCellData().GetArray(i) abstractArray = dataset.GetCellData().GetAbstractArray(i) if array: _array = dumpDataArray(datasetDir, dataDir, array, {}, compress) if _array: _cellData["arrays"].append({"data": _array}) elif abstractArray: _array = dumpStringArray(datasetDir, dataDir, abstractArray, {}, compress) if _array: _cellData["arrays"].append({"data": _array}) # FieldData _fieldData = root["FieldData"] = {"vtkClass": "vtkDataSetAttributes", "arrays": []} _nbFields = dataset.GetFieldData().GetNumberOfArrays() for i in range(_nbFields): array = dataset.GetFieldData().GetArray(i) abstractArray = dataset.GetFieldData().GetAbstractArray(i) if array: _array = dumpDataArray(datasetDir, dataDir, array, {}, compress) if _array: _fieldData["arrays"].append({"data": _array}) elif abstractArray: _array = dumpStringArray(datasetDir, dataDir, abstractArray, {}, compress) if _array: _fieldData["arrays"].append({"data": _array}) return root # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- def dumpPolyData(datasetDir, dataDir, dataset, container={}, compress=True): container["vtkClass"] = "vtkPolyData" # Points points = dumpDataArray( datasetDir, dataDir, dataset.GetPoints().GetData(), {}, compress ) container["points"] = points container["points"]["vtkClass"] = "vtkPoints" container["points"]["numberOfComponents"] = 3 # Cells _cells = container ## Verts if dataset.GetVerts() and dataset.GetVerts().GetData().GetNumberOfTuples() > 0: _verts = dumpDataArray( datasetDir, dataDir, dataset.GetVerts().GetData(), {}, compress ) _verts["name"] = "_verts" _cells["verts"] = _verts _cells["verts"]["vtkClass"] = "vtkCellArray" ## Lines if dataset.GetLines() and dataset.GetLines().GetData().GetNumberOfTuples() > 0: _lines = dumpDataArray( datasetDir, dataDir, dataset.GetLines().GetData(), {}, compress ) _lines["name"] = "_lines" _cells["lines"] = _lines _cells["lines"]["vtkClass"] = "vtkCellArray" ## Polys if dataset.GetPolys() and dataset.GetPolys().GetData().GetNumberOfTuples() > 0: _polys = dumpDataArray( datasetDir, dataDir, dataset.GetPolys().GetData(), {}, compress ) _polys["name"] = "_polys" _cells["polys"] = _polys _cells["polys"]["vtkClass"] = "vtkCellArray" ## Strips if dataset.GetStrips() and dataset.GetStrips().GetData().GetNumberOfTuples() > 0: _strips = dumpDataArray( datasetDir, dataDir, dataset.GetStrips().GetData(), {}, compress ) _strips["name"] = "_strips" _cells["strips"] = _strips _cells["strips"]["vtkClass"] = "vtkCellArray" # Attributes (PointData, CellData, FieldData) dumpAttributes(datasetDir, dataDir, dataset, container, compress) return container # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- writerMapping["vtkPolyData"] = dumpPolyData # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- def dumpUnstructuredGrid(datasetDir, dataDir, dataset, container={}, compress=True): container["vtkClass"] = "vtkUnstructuredGrid" # Points points = dumpDataArray( datasetDir, dataDir, dataset.GetPoints().GetData(), {}, compress ) points["name"] = "_points" container["points"] = points container["points"]["vtkClass"] = "vtkPoints" # Cells container["cells"] = dumpDataArray( datasetDir, dataDir, dataset.GetCells().GetData(), {}, compress ) container["cells"]["vtkClass"] = "vtkCellArray" # CellTypes container["cellTypes"] = dumpDataArray( datasetDir, dataDir, dataset.GetCellTypesArray(), {}, compress ) # Attributes (PointData, CellData, FieldData) dumpAttributes(datasetDir, dataDir, dataset, container, compress) return container # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- writerMapping["vtkUnstructuredGrid"] = dumpUnstructuredGrid # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- def dumpImageData(datasetDir, dataDir, dataset, container={}, compress=True): container["vtkClass"] = "vtkImageData" # Origin / Spacing / Dimension container["origin"] = tuple(dataset.GetOrigin()) container["spacing"] = tuple(dataset.GetSpacing()) container["extent"] = tuple(dataset.GetExtent()) # Attributes (PointData, CellData, FieldData) dumpAttributes(datasetDir, dataDir, dataset, container, compress) return container # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- writerMapping["vtkImageData"] = dumpImageData # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- def dumpRectilinearGrid(datasetDir, dataDir, dataset, container={}, compress=True): container["vtkClass"] = "vtkRectilinearGrid" # Dimensions container["dimensions"] = tuple(dataset.GetDimensions()) # X, Y, Z container["xCoordinates"] = dumpDataArray( datasetDir, dataDir, dataset.GetXCoordinates(), {}, compress ) container["yCoordinates"] = dumpDataArray( datasetDir, dataDir, dataset.GetYCoordinates(), {}, compress ) container["zCoordinates"] = dumpDataArray( datasetDir, dataDir, dataset.GetZCoordinates(), {}, compress ) # Attributes (PointData, CellData, FieldData) dumpAttributes(datasetDir, dataDir, dataset, container, compress) return container # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- writerMapping["vtkRectilinearGrid"] = dumpRectilinearGrid # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- def dumpTable(datasetDir, dataDir, dataset, container={}, compress=True): container["vtkClass"] = "vtkTable" # Columns _columns = container["Columns"] = {} _nbFields = dataset.GetNumberOfColumns() for i in range(_nbFields): array = dumpDataArray(datasetDir, dataDir, dataset.GetColumn(i), {}, compress) if array: _columns[array["name"]] = array return container # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- writerMapping["vtkTable"] = dumpTable # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- def dumpMultiBlock(datasetDir, dataDir, dataset, container={}, compress=True): container["vtkClass"] = "vtkMultiBlock" _blocks = container["Blocks"] = {} _nbBlocks = dataset.GetNumberOfBlocks() for i in range(_nbBlocks): name = dataset.GetMetaData(i).Get(vtkCompositeDataSet.NAME()) blockDataset = dataset.GetBlock(i) if blockDataset: writer = writerMapping[blockDataset.GetClassName()] if writer: _blocks[name] = writer(datasetDir, dataDir, blockDataset, {}, compress) else: _blocks[name] = blockDataset.GetClassName() return container # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- writerMapping["vtkMultiBlockDataSet"] = dumpMultiBlock # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- def writeDataSet(filePath, dataset, outputDir, newDSName=None, compress=True): fileName = newDSName if newDSName else os.path.basename(filePath) datasetDir = os.path.join(outputDir, fileName) dataDir = os.path.join(datasetDir, "data") if not os.path.exists(dataDir): os.makedirs(dataDir) root = {} root["metadata"] = {} root["metadata"]["name"] = fileName writer = writerMapping[dataset.GetClassName()] if writer: writer(datasetDir, dataDir, dataset, root, compress) else: print(dataObject.GetClassName(), "is not supported") with open(os.path.join(datasetDir, "index.json"), "w") as f: f.write(json.dumps(root, indent=2)) # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- def writeTimeDataSource( filePath, datasource, sourceToExport, outputDir, newDSName=None, compress=True ): fileName = newDSName if newDSName else os.path.basename(filePath) datasetDir = os.path.join(outputDir, fileName) dataDir = os.path.join(datasetDir, "data") if not os.path.exists(dataDir): os.makedirs(dataDir) root = {} root["metadata"] = {} root["metadata"]["name"] = fileName root["type"] = "Parametric" container = root["Parametric"] = {} _params = container["parameters"] = { "time": ["%02d" % idx for idx in range(len(datasource.TimestepValues))] } _refs = container["refs"] = { "dataset": { "id": "{time}/index.json", "pattern": True, "basepath": "", "encode": "JSON", } } for idx in range(len(datasource.TimestepValues)): t = datasource.TimestepValues[idx] sourceToExport.UpdatePipeline(t) ds = sourceToExport.GetClientSideObject().GetOutputDataObject(0) writer = writerMapping[ds.GetClassName()] if writer: dsDir = os.path.join(datasetDir, "%02d" % idx) dsFileName = os.path.join(dsDir, "index.json") if not os.path.exists(dsDir): os.makedirs(dsDir) with open(dsFileName, "w") as f: f.write(json.dumps(writer(dsDir, dataDir, ds, {}, compress), indent=2)) else: print(dataObject.GetClassName(), "is not supported") with open(os.path.join(datasetDir, "index.json"), "w") as f: f.write(json.dumps(root, indent=2)) # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- def convert(inputFile, outputDir, merge=False, extract=False, newName=None): print(inputFile, outputDir) reader = simple.OpenDataFile(inputFile) activeSource = reader if merge: activeSource = simple.MergeBlocks(activeSource) if extract: activeSource = simple.ExtractSurface(activeSource) activeSource.UpdatePipeline() dataObject = activeSource.GetClientSideObject().GetOutputDataObject(0) if "TimestepValues" in reader.ListProperties(): if len(reader.TimestepValues) == 0: writeDataSet(inputFile, dataObject, outputDir, newName) else: writeTimeDataSource(inputFile, reader, activeSource, outputDir, newName) else: writeDataSet(inputFile, dataObject, outputDir, newName) # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- def sample(dataDir, outputDir): convert(os.path.join(dataDir, "Data/bot2.wrl"), outputDir, True, True) convert(os.path.join(dataDir, "Data/can.ex2"), outputDir) convert(os.path.join(dataDir, "Data/can.ex2"), outputDir, True, True, "can_MS.ex2") convert(os.path.join(dataDir, "Data/can.ex2"), outputDir, True, False, "can_M.ex2") convert(os.path.join(dataDir, "Data/can.ex2"), outputDir, False, True, "can_S.ex2") convert( os.path.join(dataDir, "Data/disk_out_ref.ex2"), outputDir, True, False, "disk_out_ref_M.ex2", ) convert(os.path.join(dataDir, "Data/disk_out_ref.ex2"), outputDir) convert(os.path.join(dataDir, "Data/RectGrid2.vtk"), outputDir) # Create image data based on the Wavelet source wavelet = simple.Wavelet() wavelet.UpdatePipeline() imageData = wavelet.GetClientSideObject().GetOutputDataObject(0) writeDataSet("Wavelet.vti", imageData, outputDir) # Create a table based on the disk_out_ref diskout = simple.ExtractSurface( simple.MergeBlocks( simple.OpenDataFile(os.path.join(dataDir, "Data/disk_out_ref.ex2")) ) ) diskout.UpdatePipeline() unstructuredGrid = diskout.GetClientSideObject().GetOutputDataObject(0) table = vtkTable() _nbFields = unstructuredGrid.GetPointData().GetNumberOfArrays() for i in range(_nbFields): table.AddColumn(unstructuredGrid.GetPointData().GetArray(i)) writeDataSet("table", table, outputDir) # ============================================================================= # Main: Parse args and start data conversion # ============================================================================= if __name__ == "__main__": parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Data conversion") parser.add_argument("--input", help="path to the file to convert", dest="input") parser.add_argument( "--output", help="path to the directory where to write the output", dest="output", ) parser.add_argument( "--merge", help="Merge multiblock into single dataset", default=False, action="store_true", dest="merge", ) parser.add_argument( "--extract-surface", help="Extract surface mesh", default=False, action="store_true", dest="extract", ) parser.add_argument( "--sample-data", help="Generate sample data from ParaView Data", dest="sample" ) args = parser.parse_args() if args.sample: sample(args.sample, args.output) else: convert(args.input, args.output, args.merge, args.extract) {{/code}} **6、编写convert.py脚本，将vtu转换为vtk.js能加载的格式。** {{code language="python"}} from vtk_data_converter import convert import json def convert_model(dir, begin_index, end_index, out_folder, time_delta): series = [] for i in range(begin_index, end_index): convert(f"{dir}/{i}step.vtu", f"./public/model/{out_folder}/", True, True) series.append({"url": f"{i}step.vtu", "timeStep": time_delta * i}) index = {"series": series} index_file = f"./public/model/{out_folder}/index.json" file = open(index_file, "w") json.dump(index, file) file.close() def start(): convert_model("./public/model/raw/流线", 0, 160, "流线", 1) convert_model("./public/model/raw/烟粒子", 0, 250, "烟粒子", 1) if __name__ == "__main__": start() {{/code}} **7、在App.vue中编写代码，加载处理好的文件。** {{code language="html"}} {{/code}} **8、（重要）由于vite返回的gz后缀的静态文件，会增加Conent-Encoding: gzip标头，导致浏览器自动解压gzip导致报错，需要编辑以下文件：node_modules\@kitware\vtk.js\IO\Core\DataAccessHelper\HttpDataAccessHelper.js，注释掉下面的三行。** {{code language="js"}} // if (options.compression) { // if (array.dataType === 'string' || array.dataType === 'JSON') { // array.buffer = strFromU8(decompressSync(new Uint8Array(array.buffer))); // } else { // array.buffer = decompressSync(new Uint8Array(array.buffer)).buffer; // } // } {{/code}} 完整代码： {{code language="html"}} {{/code}}

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